Used and new Trucks RENAULT Kerax Auction, diesel for sale on Truck1
International - English | EUR
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
00
Sign in or register
Catalogue
Place an adI am looking for...
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
For seller
For seller Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
More About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
International - English | EUR
Place an ad
I am looking for...

Trucks RENAULT Kerax
Auction, diesel

Results found: 0
No ads match your criteria. Try adjusting your filters.
RENAULT
Kerax
Auction
Diesel
Sorry, we couldn't find anythingTry adjusting your filters or place a “want ad”.
Place a want ad Trucks RENAULT

Similar offers

Renault Kerax 370 6x4 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 370 6x4 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 370 6x4 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 370 6x4 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 370 6x4 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 5
See all photos (13)

Renault Kerax 370 6x4

Container transporter/ Swap body truck
2005631616 km6x4Euro 3370 hpPayload: 14220 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Kanaal Noord 1157, BE-3960 Bree, Belgium
Published: 6hr 19minReference number 30009809

14 250EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 16 809 USD
  • ≈ 12 230 GBP
2005631616 km6x4Euro 3370 hpPayload: 14220 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Kanaal Noord 1157, BE-3960 Bree, Belgium
Smeets & Zonen NV on Truck1
Smeets & Zonen NV
12
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (13)

Renault Kerax 430 Hiab 166 E 4 remote

Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck
2010479708 km6x4Euro 5Payload: 17485 kgGross weight: 32000 kg
Belgium, Kanaal Noord 1157, BE-3960 Bree, Belgium
Published: 6hr 19minReference number 30012780

26 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 31 732 USD
  • ≈ 23 087 GBP
2010479708 km6x4Euro 5Payload: 17485 kgGross weight: 32000 kg
Belgium, Kanaal Noord 1157, BE-3960 Bree, Belgium
Smeets & Zonen NV on Truck1
Smeets & Zonen NV
12
Contact the seller
Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) - Cab chassis truck: picture 1
Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) - Cab chassis truck: picture 2
Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) - Cab chassis truck: picture 3
Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) - Cab chassis truck: picture 4
Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) - Cab chassis truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault KERAX 420 (BOITE MANUELLE / 8X4 / LAMES / MANUAL GEARBOX) EL23971

Cab chassis truck
2006365477 km8x4Euro 3420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Published: 16hr 26minReference number EL23971

16 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 463 USD
  • ≈ 14 161 GBP
2006365477 km8x4Euro 3420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Elro Trucks Belgium N.V.
14
Contact the seller
Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND - Cab chassis truck: picture 1
Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND - Cab chassis truck: picture 2
Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND - Cab chassis truck: picture 3
Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND - Cab chassis truck: picture 4
Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND - Cab chassis truck: picture 5
See all photos (10)

Renault KERAX 370 * FAHRGESTELL 4,55 m / 4x4*TOPZUSTAND

Cab chassis truck
2008467000 km4x4370 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Poland, Tarnowska 18533-300 Nowy Sacz POLAND
Published: 1d

29 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 35 270 USD
  • ≈ 25 662 GBP
2008467000 km4x4370 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Poland, Tarnowska 18533-300 Nowy Sacz POLAND
LSI TRUCK SEBASTIAN LUPA
8
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault Kerax 370 6X4 Palfinger PK16502 Kran Crane Big-Axle Steel suspension Euro 4

Tipper, Crane truck
2008338308 km6x4Euro 4370 hpPayload: 9505 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 1dReference number 70281734

29 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 35 270 USD
  • ≈ 25 662 GBP
2008338308 km6x4Euro 4370 hpPayload: 9505 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World on Truck1
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4 - Crane truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4 - Crane truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4 - Crane truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4 - Crane truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4 - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault Kerax 430 HIAB 211 EP4 , 6x4

Crane truck
2013426210 km6x4Euro 5597 hpPayload: 9440 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Kuiperstraat 4a, 5405 BB Uden, Netherlands
Published: 3dReference number 9
Ask for price
2013426210 km6x4Euro 5597 hpPayload: 9440 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Kuiperstraat 4a, 5405 BB Uden, Netherlands
MVI Trucks B.V.
5
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES - Tipper: picture 1
Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES - Tipper: picture 2
Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES - Tipper: picture 3
Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES - Tipper: picture 4
Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES - Tipper: picture 5
See all photos (19)

Renault Kerax 380 DXI- EURO 5 - TIPPER- BIG AXLES

Tipper
2012500568 km6x4Euro 5380 hpPayload: 14602 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Rue de l'Industrie 5,7321 Harchies
Published: 3d
Ask for price
2012500568 km6x4Euro 5380 hpPayload: 14602 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Rue de l'Industrie 5,7321 Harchies
TR-D TRUCKS
4
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 370 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 370 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 370 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 370 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 370 - Container transporter/ Swap body truck: picture 5
See all photos (5)

Renault Kerax 370

Container transporter/ Swap body truck
2003633008 km6x4Euro 3Payload: 14340 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Ieperstraat 103, Hooglede, BE
Published: 4dReference number TC14436

17 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 21 115 USD
  • ≈ 15 363 GBP
2003633008 km6x4Euro 3Payload: 14340 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Belgium, Ieperstraat 103, Hooglede, BE
TheTruckCompany on Truck1
TheTruckCompany
20
Contact the seller
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 1
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 2
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 3
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 4
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 5
See all photos (5)

RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI

Hook lift truck
2005472000 km6x4370 hp
France, 6 rue du Colonel TULLA 68740 FESSENHEIM, France
Published: 4d

28 000EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 33 029 USD
  • ≈ 24 032 GBP
2005472000 km6x4370 hp
France, 6 rue du Colonel TULLA 68740 FESSENHEIM, France
SARL T.O.B NEGOCE
1
Contact the seller
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 1
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 2
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 3
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 4
RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI - Hook lift truck: picture 5
See all photos (8)

RENAULT KERAX 370 DCI

Hook lift truck
2004490000 km6x4370 hp
France, 6 rue du Colonel TULLA 68740 FESSENHEIM, France
Published: 4d

25 000EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 29 490 USD
  • ≈ 21 457 GBP
2004490000 km6x4370 hp
France, 6 rue du Colonel TULLA 68740 FESSENHEIM, France
SARL T.O.B NEGOCE
1
Contact the seller
Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) - Cab chassis truck: picture 1
Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) - Cab chassis truck: picture 2
Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) - Cab chassis truck: picture 3
Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) - Cab chassis truck: picture 4
Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) - Cab chassis truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault KERAX 420 (8X4 / GRAND PONT / LAMES / BOITE MANUELLE / BONNE ETAT) EL23939

Cab chassis truck
2002350000 km8x4Euro 3420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Published: 7dReference number EL23939

17 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 20 643 USD
  • ≈ 15 020 GBP
2002350000 km8x4Euro 3420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Elro Trucks Belgium N.V.
14
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles - Tipper: picture 1
Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles - Tipper: picture 2
Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles - Tipper: picture 3
Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles - Tipper: picture 4
Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles - Tipper: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault Kerax 410 8x4 Full steel - Manual - Euro 4 - Big axles

Tipper
2006435985 km8x4
Netherlands, BIG 1 BIG Machinery B.V. (Schiemerik 1)
Published: 8dReference number 00033263

28 700EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 33 855 USD
  • ≈ 24 632 GBP
2006435985 km8x4
Netherlands, BIG 1 BIG Machinery B.V. (Schiemerik 1)
Big Machinery B.V.
13
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (16)

Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 8X4, Manual, Steel suspension, Retarder

Tipper, Crane truck
2009362000 km8x4Euro 4450 hpPayload: 20781 kgGross weight: 38000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 11dReference number 005985

32 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 38 809 USD
  • ≈ 28 237 GBP
2009362000 km8x4Euro 4450 hpPayload: 20781 kgGross weight: 38000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3 - Tipper: picture 1
Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3 - Tipper: picture 2
Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3 - Tipper: picture 3
Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3 - Tipper: picture 4
Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3 - Tipper: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Renault Kerax 430 DXI 8x4 RHD tipper steel 31 m3

Tipper
2011Euro 5430 hpGross weight: 32000 kg
Netherlands, Antwerpsestraatweg 177, 4631 PN Hoogerheide, The Netherlands
Published: 14dReference number eR007053

26 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 31 260 USD
  • ≈ 22 744 GBP
2011Euro 5430 hpGross weight: 32000 kg
Netherlands, Antwerpsestraatweg 177, 4631 PN Hoogerheide, The Netherlands
Dingemanse B.V.
17
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi - Timber truck, Crane truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi - Timber truck, Crane truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi - Timber truck, Crane truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi - Timber truck, Crane truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi - Timber truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (16)

Renault Kerax 450 Dxi 6x4, Manual, Steel, Palfinger, Combi

Timber truck, Crane truck
2007372000 km6x4Euro 4450 hpPayload: 26258 kgGross weight: 41108 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 14dReference number 001253

23 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 28 193 USD
  • ≈ 20 513 GBP
2007372000 km6x4Euro 4450 hpPayload: 26258 kgGross weight: 41108 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck - Curtainsider truck: picture 1
Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck - Curtainsider truck: picture 2
Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck - Curtainsider truck: picture 3
Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck - Curtainsider truck: picture 4
Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck - Curtainsider truck: picture 5
See all photos (13)

Renault KERAX 380 Curtainsider Truck

Curtainsider truck
201186153 km6x4380 hp
United Arab Emirates, Showroom No. 37 - 38 Truck and Equipment Market, Al Ruwayyah 3, Dubai, 76571, United Arab Emirates
Published: 15d

32 060EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 37 818 USD
  • ≈ 27 516 GBP
201186153 km6x4380 hp
United Arab Emirates, Showroom No. 37 - 38 Truck and Equipment Market, Al Ruwayyah 3, Dubai, 76571, United Arab Emirates
Golden Target Heavy Equipments L.L.C
3
Contact the seller
Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 1
Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 2
Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 3
Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 4
Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (10)

Renault KERAX 430 DXI+ HIAB 16 T/m + 5 EXT

Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck
2012404190 km8x4Euro 5430 hpGross weight: 32000 kg
France, Route de Watou F-59114 Steenvoorde, France
Published: 19dReference number E64117

28 850EUR

  • ≈ 34 032 USD
  • ≈ 24 761 GBP
2012404190 km8x4Euro 5430 hpGross weight: 32000 kg
France, Route de Watou F-59114 Steenvoorde, France
Braem France SA
1
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E - Tipper: picture 1
Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E - Tipper: picture 2
Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E - Tipper: picture 3
Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E - Tipper: picture 4
Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E - Tipper: picture 5
See all photos (29)

Renault Kerax 400 6X6 Tipper Spring/spring ZF Man Gear E

Tipper
200150363 kmEuro 2400 hp
Netherlands, BOSLAND 00009 2661DV BERGSCHENHOEK,
Published: 19d

28 900EUR

  • ≈ 34 091 USD
  • ≈ 24 804 GBP
200150363 kmEuro 2400 hp
Netherlands, BOSLAND 00009 2661DV BERGSCHENHOEK,
TONY TRUCKS B.V.
11
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 5
See all photos (14)

Renault Kerax 430 Dxi 6x4, EURO 5, Steel suspenion

Dropside/ Flatbed truck
2011355000 km6x4Euro 5430 hpPayload: 10635 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 21dReference number 009739

16 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 935 USD
  • ≈ 14 505 GBP
2011355000 km6x4Euro 5430 hpPayload: 10635 kgGross weight: 26000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 1
Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 2
Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 3
Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 4
Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension - Dropside/ Flatbed truck: picture 5
See all photos (14)

Renault Kerax 380 Dxi 6X4, EURO 5, Steel suspension

Dropside/ Flatbed truck
2011378500 km6x4Euro 5380 hpPayload: 17545 kgGross weight: 32000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 21dReference number 009522

16 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 935 USD
  • ≈ 14 505 GBP
2011378500 km6x4Euro 5380 hpPayload: 17545 kgGross weight: 32000 kg
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
T1 new listing page - Trucks RENAULT Kerax
By clicking any link or object on this website, you unconditionally agree and authorize us to process your personal data, including the use of cookies and other tracking technologies. It is implemented to enhance and personalize your experience on this website, other our websites and websites of third-party advertisers cooperating with us. Our partnering companies may also store cookies on your device or use similar technologies to collect and process the personal information. Learn more about how we treat your private information.