Used and new Trucks MAN 4x4, loader crane, gearbox: manual for sale on Truck1

Trucks MAN
4x4, loader crane, gearbox: manual

Results found: 41
See Trucks for lease
Sort by
Sort by
Relevance
Date - new ads first
Date - old ads first
Price - low to high
Price - high to low
Year of manufacture - new first
Year of manufacture - old first
Brand, model
1 / 3
MAN
4x4
Loader crane
Manual
MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN 17.192 4X4 Kipper & Kran Original 116000 km

Tipper, Crane truck
116000 km4x4186 hpGross weight: 17000 kg
Germany, Marshallstrasse 20, 52146 Wuerselen, Germany
Published: 12hr 18min

17 999EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 20 748 USD
  • ≈ 15 327 GBP
116000 km4x4186 hpGross weight: 17000 kg
Germany, Marshallstrasse 20, 52146 Wuerselen, Germany
MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN 8.136 4X4 - QUARRY TRUCK - CRANE PM - ONLY 82730 KM

Crane truck
198782730 km4x4136 hpPayload: 1940 kgGross weight: 8000 kg
Belgium, Rue de l'Industrie 5,7321 Harchies
Published: 4d
Ask for price
198782730 km4x4136 hpPayload: 1940 kgGross weight: 8000 kg
Belgium, Rue de l'Industrie 5,7321 Harchies
Contact the seller
MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (24)

MAN FE310 A 4x4 Palfinger PK16502 Funk Kran

Crane truck
382080 km4x4Euro 3310 hpGross weight: 17990 kg
Austria, 2.Gewerbestrasse 8 , 7501 Siget in der Wart - Oberwart, Austria
Published: 5d

30 990EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 35 723 USD
  • ≈ 26 390 GBP
382080 km4x4Euro 3310 hpGross weight: 17990 kg
Austria, 2.Gewerbestrasse 8 , 7501 Siget in der Wart - Oberwart, Austria
Contact the seller
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN ME18.250 **4x4-PALFINGER PK7501-182000Km**

Tipper, Crane truck
2003182303 km4x4Euro 3245 hpPayload: 7820 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Belgium, Wolfstee 44 2200 Herentals Belgium
Published: 10dReference number 4396
Ask for price
2003182303 km4x4Euro 3245 hpPayload: 7820 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Belgium, Wolfstee 44 2200 Herentals Belgium
Contact the seller
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK** - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN ME18.250 **4x4-TIPPER+PALFINGER PK8500-BELGIAN TRUCK**

Tipper, Crane truck
2003113692 km4x4Euro 3245 hpPayload: 7720 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Belgium, Wolfstee 44 2200 Herentals Belgium
Published: 10dReference number 4353
Ask for price
2003113692 km4x4Euro 3245 hpPayload: 7720 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Belgium, Wolfstee 44 2200 Herentals Belgium
Contact the seller
MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3 - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3 - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3 - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3 - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3 - Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (10)

MAN FE 310A-4X4+ATLAS 105.1 A3

Dropside/ Flatbed truck, Crane truck
2002387377 km4x4228 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Belgium, Handzaamse Nieuwstraat 7, BE-8610 Handzame, Belgium
Published: 12dReference number E63886

20 750EUR

  • ≈ 23 919 USD
  • ≈ 17 670 GBP
2002387377 km4x4228 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Belgium, Handzaamse Nieuwstraat 7, BE-8610 Handzame, Belgium
Contact the seller
MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUA - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUA - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUA - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUA - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUA - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN TGM 18.250 / 4X4 / NL TRUCK / TUV:30-04-2026 / 118783 KM / HMF 1110 K2 / ROTATOR / GOOD TYRES / FULL-STEEL / DRUM BRAKES / MANUAL / 2009

Tipper, Crane truck
2009118783 km4x4Euro 5250 hpPayload: 6080 kgGross weight: 17500 kg
Netherlands, De Tweede Geerden 9, 5334 LH VELDDRIEL - THE NETHERLANDS
Published: 12dReference number T253558999

47 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 54 755 USD
  • ≈ 40 450 GBP
2009118783 km4x4Euro 5250 hpPayload: 6080 kgGross weight: 17500 kg
Netherlands, De Tweede Geerden 9, 5334 LH VELDDRIEL - THE NETHERLANDS
Contact the seller
Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт - Skip loader truck, Crane truck: picture 1
Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт - Skip loader truck, Crane truck: picture 2
Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт - Skip loader truck, Crane truck: picture 3
Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт - Skip loader truck, Crane truck: picture 4
Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт - Skip loader truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (17)

Man Tga 6х4, Кран-Z, Мултилифт

Skip loader truck, Crane truck
2007389000 km4x4Euro 4440 hpPayload: 11 kg
Bulgaria, 4003 Plovdiv, Karlovsko shose 50, Bulgaria
Published: 20d

33 000EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 38 040 USD
  • ≈ 28 102 GBP
2007389000 km4x4Euro 4440 hpPayload: 11 kg
Bulgaria, 4003 Plovdiv, Karlovsko shose 50, Bulgaria
Contact the seller
Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (17)

Man Tga 6х4, Самосвал с Кран

Tipper, Crane truck
2006526000 km4x4Euro 3430 hpPayload: 11 kg
Bulgaria, 4003 Plovdiv, Karlovsko shose 50, Bulgaria
Published: 20d

32 000EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 36 888 USD
  • ≈ 27 250 GBP
2006526000 km4x4Euro 3430 hpPayload: 11 kg
Bulgaria, 4003 Plovdiv, Karlovsko shose 50, Bulgaria
Contact the seller
MAN TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km! - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km! - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km! - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km! - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km! - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Man TGA 18.310 4X4H Manual Palfinger 36 Tonmeter laadkraan Just 226.172 km!

Crane truck
2007226172 km4x4Euro 3310 hpPayload: 4070 kgGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, Wageningsestraat 17, NL-6673 DB Andelst, Postbus 68 6670 AB Zetten, The Netherlands
Published: 24dReference number 45264

59 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 68 588 USD
  • ≈ 50 669 GBP
2007226172 km4x4Euro 3310 hpPayload: 4070 kgGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, Wageningsestraat 17, NL-6673 DB Andelst, Postbus 68 6670 AB Zetten, The Netherlands
Contact the seller
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (15)

MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter

Tipper, Crane truck
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Published: 1mo 14dReference number W10473

181 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 209 685 USD
  • ≈ 154 903 GBP
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Contact the seller
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (15)

MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter

Tipper, Crane truck
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Published: 1mo 14dReference number W10473

181 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 209 685 USD
  • ≈ 154 903 GBP
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Contact the seller
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (15)

MAN TGM 18.320 4x4 BB Kipper Kran 131 Single Winter

Crane truck
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Published: 1mo 14dReference number W10473

181 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 209 685 USD
  • ≈ 154 903 GBP
2025171 km4x4Euro 6320 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Auf der Tappenau 15, 32469 Petershagen, Germany
Contact the seller
MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (26)

MAN TGS 18.360 4x4 HMF 1720 K4 Crane KRAN

Crane truck
200982500 km4x4Euro 4360 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
Published: 1mo 21d

63 800EUR

  • ≈ 73 545 USD
  • ≈ 54 331 GBP
200982500 km4x4Euro 4360 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (15)

MAN LE 18.280 Kipper 3,70 m + PK 9501 /4x4

Tipper, Crane truck
2004422000 km4x4280 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Poland, Tarnowska 18533-300 Nowy Sacz POLAND
Published: 2mo 1d

24 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 28 703 USD
  • ≈ 21 204 GBP
2004422000 km4x4280 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Poland, Tarnowska 18533-300 Nowy Sacz POLAND
Contact the seller
MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (15)

MAN TGM 18.340 4x4 BB mit Penz Kran 11.83 SH, Funk

Tipper, Crane truck
2009169000 km4x4Euro 5339 hpPayload: 6190 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Alte Bundesstr. 48, D-37120 Bovenden / Göttingen, Germany
Published: 2mo 6dReference number 17555

49 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 57 522 USD
  • ≈ 42 494 GBP
2009169000 km4x4Euro 5339 hpPayload: 6190 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Alte Bundesstr. 48, D-37120 Bovenden / Göttingen, Germany
Contact the seller
MAN  TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran - Crane truck: picture 1
MAN  TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran - Crane truck: picture 2
MAN  TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran - Crane truck: picture 3
MAN  TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran - Crane truck: picture 4
MAN  TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran - Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (26)

MAN TGA 18.350 4x4 Fassi F235 Crane Kran

Crane truck
New2007708000 km4x4Euro 4349 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
Published: 2mo 29d

42 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 48 991 USD
  • ≈ 36 192 GBP
New2007708000 km4x4Euro 4349 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
MAN TGS 18.320 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN TGS 18.320 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN TGS 18.320 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN TGS 18.320 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN TGS 18.320 - Tipper, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (11)

MAN TGS 18.320

Tipper, Crane truck
2012220200 km4x4Euro 5320 hp
Netherlands, Hessenweg 16a 3771 RB BarneveldNetherlands
Published: 3mo 19d
Ask for price
2012220200 km4x4Euro 5320 hp
Netherlands, Hessenweg 16a 3771 RB BarneveldNetherlands
Contact the seller
MAN 18.220 4x4   Neue Aufbau 2023  TOP !  - Hook lift truck, Crane truck: picture 1
MAN 18.220 4x4   Neue Aufbau 2023  TOP !  - Hook lift truck, Crane truck: picture 2
MAN 18.220 4x4   Neue Aufbau 2023  TOP !  - Hook lift truck, Crane truck: picture 3
MAN 18.220 4x4   Neue Aufbau 2023  TOP !  - Hook lift truck, Crane truck: picture 4
MAN 18.220 4x4   Neue Aufbau 2023  TOP !  - Hook lift truck, Crane truck: picture 5
See all photos (20)

MAN 18.220 4x4 Neue Aufbau 2023 TOP !

Hook lift truck, Crane truck
200686000 km4x4Euro 3220 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Czech Republic, Železniční 281, CZ-28912 Třebestovice, Czech Republic
Published: 3mo 19d

35 889EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 41 371 USD
  • ≈ 30 562 GBP
200686000 km4x4Euro 3220 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Czech Republic, Železniční 281, CZ-28912 Třebestovice, Czech Republic
Contact the seller
MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper - Crane truck, Tipper: picture 1
MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper - Crane truck, Tipper: picture 2
MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper - Crane truck, Tipper: picture 3
MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper - Crane truck, Tipper: picture 4
MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN  TGS 18.480  PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper - Crane truck, Tipper: picture 5
See all photos (30)

MAN TGS 18.480 PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper MAN TGS 18.480 PALFINGER PK 16502 HDS Crane,Kipper

Crane truck, Tipper
2010353800 km4x4Euro 5480 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
Published: 3mo 20d

79 800EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 91 989 USD
  • ≈ 67 956 GBP
2010353800 km4x4Euro 5480 hp
Poland, ul. Krańcowa 4, 27-200 Starachowice, Poland
1 / 3
123
Page 1 of 3
Prices for  Trucks MAN
T1 new listing page - Trucks MAN
By clicking any link or object on this website, you unconditionally agree and authorize us to process your personal data, including the use of cookies and other tracking technologies. It is implemented to enhance and personalize your experience on this website, other our websites and websites of third-party advertisers cooperating with us. Our partnering companies may also store cookies on your device or use similar technologies to collect and process the personal information. Learn more about how we treat your private information.