Used and new Tractor units DAF XF 440 Euro 6 in Amersfoort, Veenendaal, Nieuwegein, Zeist, Houten for sale on Truck1
International - English | EUR
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
00
Sign in or register
Catalogue
Place an adI am looking for...
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
For seller
For seller Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
More About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
International - English | EUR
Place an ad
I am looking for...

Tractor units DAF XF 440 from Netherlands
from Amersfoort, Veenendaal, Nieuwegein, Zeist, Houten, Euro 6

Results found: 19
See Tractor units for lease
19
Sort by
Sort by
Relevance
Date - new ads first
Date - old ads first
Price - low to high
Price - high to low
Year of manufacture - new first
Year of manufacture - old first
Brand, model
DAF
XF 440
Netherlands
Utrecht
Euro 6
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + TÜV 03-2026

Tractor unit
2016983221 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1d
Ask for price
2016983221 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 + ADR + TÜV 12-2025

Tractor unit
20151261939 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1d
Ask for price
20151261939 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6

Tractor unit
2014797175 km4x2Euro 6435 hpPayload: 11765 kgGross weight: 19500 kg
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
Published: 15dReference number 11637

9 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 11 321 USD
  • ≈ 8 352 GBP
2014797175 km4x2Euro 6435 hpPayload: 11765 kgGross weight: 19500 kg
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
De Ruyter Trucks B.V.
8
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORAS

Tractor unit
2016908790 km4x2Euro 6435 hpPayload: 12880 kgGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
Published: 15dReference number 11692

9 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 11 321 USD
  • ≈ 8 352 GBP
2016908790 km4x2Euro 6435 hpPayload: 12880 kgGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
De Ruyter Trucks B.V.
8
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (16)

DAF XF 440 XF 440 FT EURO 6

Tractor unit
2014653975 km4x2Euro 6440 hp
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
Published: 15dReference number 10566

9 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 11 321 USD
  • ≈ 8 352 GBP
2014653975 km4x2Euro 6440 hp
Netherlands, BURGEMEESTER SLOBLAAN 00047 C 4231AA MEERKERK, The Netherlands
De Ruyter Trucks B.V.
8
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 STANDKLIMA NIGHT LOCK

Tractor unit
20151109902 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 19d
Ask for price
20151109902 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 6X2 EURO 6 TÜV 09-2025

Tractor unit
20151001619 km6x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 23900 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 19d
Ask for price
20151001619 km6x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 23900 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SPOILERS HOLLAND TRUCK

Tractor unit
2016656764 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1mo 9d
Ask for price
2016656764 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (14)

DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02

Tractor unit
20171000273 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1mo 9d

10 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 12 459 USD
  • ≈ 9 191 GBP
20171000273 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017

Tractor unit
20171061027 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1mo 23d

10 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 12 459 USD
  • ≈ 9 191 GBP
20171061027 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 20500 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km

Tractor unit
2014757858 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 10mo 8d

8 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 10 184 USD
  • ≈ 7 512 GBP
2014757858 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 LOW DECK EURO 6

Tractor unit
20171144244 km4x2Euro 6441 hp
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 11mo 34d

10 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 12 459 USD
  • ≈ 9 191 GBP
20171144244 km4x2Euro 6441 hp
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK

Tractor unit
2016736431 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 50000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr

8 750EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 9 956 USD
  • ≈ 7 344 GBP
2016736431 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 50000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK

Tractor unit
2017705020 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 1mo

11 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 13 597 USD
  • ≈ 10 031 GBP
2017705020 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6

Tractor unit
20171145817 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 1mo

8 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 10 184 USD
  • ≈ 7 512 GBP
20171145817 km4x2Euro 6435 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA

Tractor unit
20171115405 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 1mo

10 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 12 459 USD
  • ≈ 9 191 GBP
20171115405 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME

Tractor unit
2017778330 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 1mo

12 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 14 735 USD
  • ≈ 10 870 GBP
2017778330 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km

Tractor unit
2017678649 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 7mo

12 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 14 735 USD
  • ≈ 10 870 GBP
2017678649 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 1
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 2
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 3
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 4
DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (15)

DAF XF 440 4X2 - EURO 6 - MEGA

Tractor unit
2017969863 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
Published: 1yr 8mo

12 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 14 735 USD
  • ≈ 10 870 GBP
2017969863 km4x2Euro 6441 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
Netherlands, ENERGIEWEG 7 4231 DJ MEERKERK, Niederlande
RH TRUCKS B.V.
9
Contact the seller
Place a want ad Tractor units DAF
Prices for  Tractor units DAF XF 440
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 LOW DECK year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 705020 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 441 hp, gross weight: 19000 kg11 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 SKIRTS 2017year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 1061027 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 435 hp, gross weight: 20500 kg10 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6year of manufacture: 2014, mileage: 797175 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 435 hp, payload: 11765 kg, gross weight: 19500 kg9 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 SSC 4X2 EURO 6 VOLUME year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 778330 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 441 hp, gross weight: 19000 kg12 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 4X2 MEGA 678.649km year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 678649 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 441 hp, gross weight: 19000 kg12 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 SC 4X2 MEGA 757.858km year of manufacture: 2014, mileage: 757858 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 441 hp, gross weight: 19000 kg8 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 FT EURO 6 LUCHTGEVEERDE VOORASyear of manufacture: 2016, mileage: 908790 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 435 hp, payload: 12880 kg, gross weight: 20500 kg9 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 4X2 EURO 6 MEGA LOW DECK year of manufacture: 2016, mileage: 736431 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 441 hp, gross weight: 50000 kg8 750 EUR
DAF XF 440 FT SSC 4X2 EURO 6 year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 1145817 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 435 hp, gross weight: 19000 kg8 950 EUR
DAF XF 440 4X2 SKIRTS SPOILERS SPACE CAB TÜV TILL 02year of manufacture: 2017, mileage: 1000273 km, axle configuration: 4x2, emission class: Euro 6, power output: 435 hp, gross weight: 20500 kg10 950 EUR
T1 new listing page - Tractor units DAF XF 440 from Netherlands
By clicking any link or object on this website, you unconditionally agree and authorize us to process your personal data, including the use of cookies and other tracking technologies. It is implemented to enhance and personalize your experience on this website, other our websites and websites of third-party advertisers cooperating with us. Our partnering companies may also store cookies on your device or use similar technologies to collect and process the personal information. Learn more about how we treat your private information.