Leasing of VOLVO Euro 5, gearbox: automatic, air conditioner Tractor units on Truck1
International - English | EUR
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
00
Sign in or register
Catalogue
Place an adI am looking for...
For seller
Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
For seller
For seller Add your companyPromotion servicesPaid services pricingContact support
LeasingExhibitions
More
More About Truck1BlogMakes & SpecsSellers
International - English | EUR
Place an ad
I am looking for...

VOLVO Euro 5, gearbox: automatic, air conditioner Tractor units leasing

78
Euro 5, gearbox: automatic, air conditioner
See all Tractor units for sale
93
Sort by
Sort by
Relevance
Date - new ads first
Date - old ads first
Price - low to high
Price - high to low
Year of manufacture - new first
Year of manufacture - old first
Brand, model
1 / 4
VOLVO
Euro 5
Air conditioner
Automatic
Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (10)

Volvo FH 3 460 GLOB

Tractor unit
2012808350 km4x2Euro 5460 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
France, Route de Watou F-59114 Steenvoorde, France
Published: 6hr 11minReference number E64245

15 450EUR

  • ≈ 18 037 USD
  • ≈ 13 427 GBP
2012808350 km4x2Euro 5460 hpGross weight: 19000 kg
France, Route de Watou F-59114 Steenvoorde, France
Braem France SA
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH16 600 FH16 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH16 600 FH16 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH16 600 FH16 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH16 600 FH16 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH16 600 FH16 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH16 FH16 600 6X4 Retarder VEB+ 2x Tanks Hydraulik Euro 5

Tractor unit
2013897828 km6x4Euro 5600 hpPayload: 21455 kgGross weight: 31600 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 5dReference number 70282652

24 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 29 069 USD
  • ≈ 21 639 GBP
2013897828 km6x4Euro 5600 hpPayload: 21455 kgGross weight: 31600 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM 450 4X2 ADR Euro 5

Tractor unit
2012653779 km4x2Euro 5450 hpGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 5dReference number 70287706

14 400EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 16 811 USD
  • ≈ 12 514 GBP
2012653779 km4x2Euro 5450 hpGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM FM 450 4X2 Retarder Euro 5

Tractor unit
2013744188 km4x2Euro 5450 hpGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 5dReference number 70287716

13 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 16 227 USD
  • ≈ 12 080 GBP
2013744188 km4x2Euro 5450 hpGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (6)

Volvo FH 440 G.Haus-Hochdach Euro:4 German Truck

Tractor unit
2009850000 km4x2Euro 5449 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
Published: 6d

17 500EUR

  • ≈ 20 430 USD
  • ≈ 15 208 GBP
2009850000 km4x2Euro 5449 hpGross weight: 18000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
ITC GmbH & Co.KG
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (10)

Volvo FH 540 8x4 120To

Tractor unit
2011355259 km8x4Euro 5551 hpGross weight: 120000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
Published: 6d
Ask for price
2011355259 km8x4Euro 5551 hpGross weight: 120000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
ITC GmbH & Co.KG
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 540 8x4 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 540 8x4 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 540 8x4 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 540 8x4 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 540 8x4 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (11)

Volvo FH 540 8x4

Tractor unit
2011355259 km8x4Euro 5551 hpGross weight: 26000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
Published: 6d
Ask for price
2011355259 km8x4Euro 5551 hpGross weight: 26000 kg
Germany, Siemensstrasse 7, 32312 Lübbecke, Germany
ITC GmbH & Co.KG
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 450 FM 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM FM 450 4X2 LXL Retarder Euro 5

Tractor unit
2013570525 km4x2Euro 5450 hpPayload: 12807 kgGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 7dReference number 70287717

14 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 17 395 USD
  • ≈ 12 949 GBP
2013570525 km4x2Euro 5450 hpPayload: 12807 kgGross weight: 20000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH 16 750 8x4*4 COMBI / PK34002 / JOAB L 24 ton / L=4950 mm

Tractor unit
2014332088 km8x4Euro 5749 hpPayload: 19525 kgGross weight: 40000 kg
Estonia, Lääne-Harju vald
Published: 7dReference number M812-2802

96 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 112 659 USD
  • ≈ 83 865 GBP
2014332088 km8x4Euro 5749 hpPayload: 19525 kgGross weight: 40000 kg
Estonia, Lääne-Harju vald
KB Auto Eesti OU
4
M
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 500 EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 500 EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 500 EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 500 EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 500 EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (13)

Volvo FH 500 EURO 5

Tractor unit
2013766000 km4x2Euro 5500 hp
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 8dReference number 664749

16 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 730 USD
  • ≈ 14 687 GBP
2013766000 km4x2Euro 5500 hp
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (13)

Volvo FH 500 EURO 6, Hydraulic

Tractor unit
2012908000 km4x2Euro 5500 hp
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
Published: 8dReference number 640336

16 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 730 USD
  • ≈ 14 687 GBP
2012908000 km4x2Euro 5500 hp
Netherlands, Marconistraat 22, NL-6716 AK Ede, the Netherlands
JB Trading b.v.
12
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM 500 8x4 trekker EEV / Euro 5 / 150.000kg !- Retarder LVS1032

Tractor unit
20111010163 kmEuro 5500 hpPayload: 31170 kgGross weight: 43000 kg
Netherlands, Brailleweg 6. 8912BL Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
Published: 10dReference number LVS1032

22 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 26 793 USD
  • ≈ 19 945 GBP
20111010163 kmEuro 5500 hpPayload: 31170 kgGross weight: 43000 kg
Netherlands, Brailleweg 6. 8912BL Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
LVS Used TRUCKS
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH 420 (CLEAN TRUCK / GOOD CONDITION / CHASSIS GOOD) EL23953

Tractor unit
20111447800 km4x2Euro 5420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Published: 13dReference number EL23953

11 990EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 13 997 USD
  • ≈ 10 420 GBP
20111447800 km4x2Euro 5420 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Elro Trucks Belgium N.V.
14
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM 450 / ADR / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 / PO KONTRA

Tractor unit
2013573000 km4x2Euro 5460 hp
Poland, LEŚNA-STARA WIEŚ 3A 26-010 BODZENTYN, POLAND
Published: 14d

17 900EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 20 897 USD
  • ≈ 15 556 GBP
2013573000 km4x2Euro 5460 hp
Poland, LEŚNA-STARA WIEŚ 3A 26-010 BODZENTYN, POLAND
IMPERIUM TRUCK MATYSEK SPÓŁKA Z OGRANICZONĄ ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCIĄ
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 420 898 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 420 898 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 420 898 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 420 898 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 420 898 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo 898 FH 420 4X2 2xTanks Xenon Euro 5

Tractor unit
20101415860 km4x2Euro 5420 hpPayload: 10513 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 14dReference number 70274940

11 400EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 13 309 USD
  • ≈ 9 907 GBP
20101415860 km4x2Euro 5420 hpPayload: 10513 kgGross weight: 18000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH13-400 / HYDRAULICS / NL TRUCK / TUV:14-09-2025 / GLOBETROTTER / FRIGDE / AIRCO / AUTOMATIC / EURO-5 / 2006

Tractor unit
2006914183 km4x2Euro 5400 hpPayload: 12156 kgGross weight: 19500 kg
Netherlands, De Tweede Geerden 9, 5334 LH VELDDRIEL - THE NETHERLANDS
Published: 15dReference number T254352838

14 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 16 928 USD
  • ≈ 12 601 GBP
2006914183 km4x2Euro 5400 hpPayload: 12156 kgGross weight: 19500 kg
Netherlands, De Tweede Geerden 9, 5334 LH VELDDRIEL - THE NETHERLANDS
Vos Trucks
13
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM 450 / ADR / ALUFELGI / WAGA: 6900KG / EURO 5

Tractor unit
2012790000 km4x2Euro 5460 hp
Poland, LEŚNA-STARA WIEŚ 3A 26-010 BODZENTYN, POLAND
Published: 18d

16 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 19 263 USD
  • ≈ 14 339 GBP
2012790000 km4x2Euro 5460 hp
Poland, LEŚNA-STARA WIEŚ 3A 26-010 BODZENTYN, POLAND
IMPERIUM TRUCK MATYSEK SPÓŁKA Z OGRANICZONĄ ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚCIĄ
1
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH 400 (GOOD CONDITION / CLEAN CHASSIS / EURO 5) EL23511

Tractor unit
20081556000 km4x2Euro 5400 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Published: 18dReference number EL23511

9 950EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 11 616 USD
  • ≈ 8 647 GBP
20081556000 km4x2Euro 5400 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Elro Trucks Belgium N.V.
14
Contact the seller
Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FH 440 (GOOD CONDITION / BONNE ETAT) EL23524

Tractor unit
20071560000 km4x2Euro 5440 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Published: 18dReference number EL23524

9 500EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 11 090 USD
  • ≈ 8 256 GBP
20071560000 km4x2Euro 5440 hp
Belgium, Industrieterrein kanaal noord 1636, 3960 BREE, Belgium
Elro Trucks Belgium N.V.
14
Contact the seller
Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 1
Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 2
Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 3
Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 4
Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5 - Tractor unit: picture 5
See all photos (20)

Volvo FM 410 6X2 PTO Liftachse Euro 5

Tractor unit
2013872737 km6x2Euro 5410 hpPayload: 18700 kgGross weight: 27000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
Published: 19dReference number 70280173

14 400EUR

Price excl. VAT

  • ≈ 16 811 USD
  • ≈ 12 514 GBP
2013872737 km6x2Euro 5410 hpPayload: 18700 kgGross weight: 27000 kg
Netherlands, Mac Arthurweg 2, 5466 AP VEGHEL, The Netherlands
BAS World
18
V
Contact the seller
1 / 4
1234
Page 1 of 4
T1 new listing page - VOLVO Euro 5, gearbox: automatic, air conditioner Tractor units leasing
By clicking any link or object on this website, you unconditionally agree and authorize us to process your personal data, including the use of cookies and other tracking technologies. It is implemented to enhance and personalize your experience on this website, other our websites and websites of third-party advertisers cooperating with us. Our partnering companies may also store cookies on your device or use similar technologies to collect and process the personal information. Learn more about how we treat your private information.